Wagamama - What does the Japanese word wagamama mean

Word of the Day: wagamama Meaning: selfishness; egoism; willfulness Japanese characters: ã‚ Ã£ Å'㠁 ¾Ã£  ¾ Example: Kare wa hitorikko nanode, sukoshi wagamama na tokoro ga aru.Ã¥ ½ ¼Ã£  ¯Ã¤ ¸â‚¬Ã¤ º ºÃ£  £Ã¥ ­ Ã£  ªÃ£  ®Ã£  §Ã£â‚¬ Ã¥ °â€˜Ã£ â€"ã‚ Ã£ Å'㠁 ¾Ã£  ¾Ã£  ªÃ£  ¨Ã£ â€œÃ£â€š Ã£ Å'㠁‚る。 Translation: Being an only child, he is a little selfish. More Words of the Day: Previous wordNext wordWord of the Day by email

Boots Free Essays

Would Mulishly be able to help Boots manage the Japanese regulations? Boots needs to reformulate more than 2,000 products in order to meet with the regulations and import restrictions of Japanese market, Which is a huge investment and after reformulation, these product have to be registered with the Japanese authorities whiny had considerable leeway in how they applied such regulation. Nevertheless, Mediumistic Corporation belong to the Mediumistic keiretsu Which is one of he oldest and largest industrial group in Japan and are leaders in their respective industries, they already have experience working with foreign firms to established in Japan and they are looking to increase Its retail activities. So they match In the right way with MAC to manage all of the Japanese regulation. We will write a custom essay sample on Boots or any similar topic only for you Order Now 2. Would It be able to provide meaningful advice about how to attract and retain Japanese costumers? Foreign companies often had difficulty entering Japan, due to the complexity for obtaining resources, and local reputation or business relationship, the trend is to see s less trustworthy the foreign firms. So in order to attract and retain costumers MAC is the best option for entering the Japanese Market due to its well known reputation and access to resources ( people, real state and financial resources). But they still have to be aware of the complexity of the health and beauty business in Japan, Which have many differentiation for each area. 3. Would the two companies continue to share the same interests? The Joint venture proposal is giving Boots the decision advantage by having 51% stake of the Joint venture, and as MAC is looking to increase retail activities they are in he same direction and should continue to have the same interest in the process of entering this market. Was the proposed Joint venture a good Idea for Boots? Is a great Idea, In order to enter the Japanese market they need to make this Joint venture with MAC, there Is no other way due to regulations of the Japanese authorities and the untrustworthy of the market in foreign firms, it would end up in big losses if no experience and they are in the right position to make this venture since they are the leaders and are managing in and excel way their local market. How to cite Boots, Papers

Factors Influencing of ART in PMTCT

Question: Discuss about the Factors Influencing of ART in PMTCT. Answer: Introduction: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is associated with the progressive impairment of the immune system and leads to the serious and late stage complications in the human being. Over the last three decades prevalence of HIV is spread all over the world. According to World Health Organization (WHO) estimate there are approximately 40 million people are living with HIV. In this women population is approximately 16 million and pregnant women population is approximately 1.4 million. These pregnant women have the risk of transmission of HIV to their children. This growing prevalence of HIV in women is due to physiological aspects of women responsible for the susceptibility to infection. Along with this social and psychological vulnerability generated by economic, socio-cultural and legal factors is responsible for prevalence of HIV. WHO also estimated that around 77 % women who were living with HIV received antiretroviral medicine to prevent transmission of HIV to their babies. More than half of the burden of HIV was estimated in the Southern African countries like Botswana, South Africa, Zimbabwe, Swaziland and Namibia. Approximately 20 % of the expectant mothers are generally affected with HIV in these countries and 20 % deaths occurred due to the AIDS (Sharma Khadhiravan, 2008). In Botswana, approximately 40 % of antennal women were infected with HIV. Out of these, approximately 16 % of infants born with HIV infection. Even though prevalence of AIDS is more in these sub-Saharan African countries, utilization of antiretroviral drugs is not widespread. Different reasons were observed for this low utilization of antiretroviral drugs in these countries and these reasons include cost, logistic and social issues (Yazdanpanah, 2004). It has been observed that high cost of antiretroviral drugs and diagnostic are the main barriers for the prevention of transmission of HIV from mother to child. Other barriers responsible for the prevention of transmission of HIV from mother to child (PMTCT) are lack of national regulatory policy, tariffs and taxation on antiretroviral drugs and lack of international funding for the implementation of antiretroviral drug administration (Attaran Gillespie-White, 2001). Even tough, Botswana Government decided to initiate antiretroviral drug therapy for the people in 2000, prevention remains the cornerstone for the national AIDS strategy. In accordance with the 2010 recommendations of the WHO, the Ministry of Health has improved access to ART by expanding eligibility criteria to all adults with CD4 counts 350 cells/L. This change is also reflected in pediatric populations; all children 24 months of age as well as children from 2 5 years with CD4 counts 750 cells/L or CD4 25% will be eligible to begin ART.) . In African countries, Botswana is the first country to initiate programme for the prevention of mother to child transmission in 2001 (Creek et al., 2006). International recommendations for the antiretroviral therapy were not considered for the implementation of antiretroviral therapy in Botswana. These recommendations were non-consideration of the climate, complexity of social and health infrastructure and lifestyle of the people of the Bots wana. Along with these government initiatives other stakeholders also participated in the implementation of prevention of mother to child transmission. Bill Gates foundation and major pharmaceutical firm like Merck contributed to the implementation of prevention of transmission from mother to child. Ministry of Education with the collaboration of Stanford University in 2011 launched Teach AIDS software which helps in education of the people to fight against HIV infection. Implementation of Option B+ and prevention of mother to child transmission in Botswana collectedly resulted in the improvement in the reduction of HIV cases (Coutsoudis et al., 2013). Literature review: It has been well established in the literature that implementation of ART programme successfully resulted in the reduction in the transmission of HIV from mother to child. Health of child is completely dependent on the health of the mother. Survival of the virus responsible for AIDS depends of the health of the mother. If mother health is not good there are more chances of long duration survival of viruses and transmission to the children. Due to ill health of mother, there is the possibility of the reduced transfer of positive immunity in the children and it results in the increased burden of the mother to children transmission. In Tanzania implementation of prevention of mother to child transmission in collaboration with Option B+ resulted in lessening the transmission of HIV infection from mother to child (Gourlay, et al., 2016). In Nigeria also prevention of mother to child prevention programme of HIV infection was implemented, however this programme faced problems like influence of less education among the population, low employment and the low socioeconomic status of the people. In a study conducted in Ghana, it has been established that lack of knowledge of antiretroviral therapy among women resulted in the inefficient implementation of the PMTCT. Option B+ has been successfully implemented in Malvi for reduction in the HIV transmission (Kim, et al., 2015). However, Option B+ has not been successfully implemented in Botswana because of lack of support for community based therapy for ART, unwillingness of the women to use ART, problems associated with the breastfeeding and lack of qualified human resource for the implementation of the programme. In some of the sub-Saharan countries use of ART for PMTCT increased from 15 % in 2005 to 55 % in 2009. However, this rate of increment in the use of ART for PMTCT is not enough in the country like Botswana where prevalence of AIDS is very high (WHO, 2010). From the literature, it is evident that there is the good understanding for the knowledge of barriers for the uptake of ART in PMTCT in general population and however, there is less knowledge about the barriers for uptake of ART in PMTCT in pregnant women (Mills et al., 2006; Posse et al., 2008). In a study conducted in Zimbabwe, it has been established that, replacement of single-dose nevirapine (sdNVP) with modified ART resulted in the reduction of transmission of HIV infection to child in PMTCT (Ciaranello et al., 2013). In studies like Post-Exposure Prophylaxis of Infants (PEPI-Malawi), Breastfeeding, Antiretrovirals, and Nutrition (BAN) study and the 3 parallel randomized trials of Six Weeks Extended Nevirapine (SWEN) exhibite d success of ART in PMTCT. In longer duration studies like HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN), it has been established that there is no transmission of HIV infection from using ART in PMTCT (Shetty Maldonado, 2013). Drug Resource Enhancement Against AIDS and Malnutrition (DREAM) study established that there is reduced maternal mortality, premature birth and PMTCT due to the use of ART. Hence, ART should be initiated in the pregnant women at the optimum time to avoid further complications. There is evidence available for the safety of ART in infants, hence pregnant women should not worry about the risk of ART to infants. ART in PMTCT has been successfully implemented in North America and Europe. As a result, there is the eradication of the HIV in the new born. Women with the positive HIV infection and who met the criteria of number of CD4 cell should start the ART immediately after the positive test. WHO recommended two options for the ART. In Option A, women with HIV infection sh ould start zidovudine during antenatal period and at the time of delivery. Also, these women should take nevirapine every week. In case of infants, nevirapine treatment should start daily from the birth until cessation of breastfeeding. In Option B, women should take three combinations of ART during antenatal period and continue until the cessation if breastfeeding (Shetty Maldonado, 2013). Rationale for study design: There were the studies and reviews available for the information related to the community based involvement for PMTCT, success and failures of PMTCT and retention of ART therapy in pregnant women (Ferguson et al., 2015; Busza et al., 2012). However, less studies were available for the evaluation of factors influencing uptake of ART in PMTCT. There is urgent requirement to understand the factors responsible for the uptake of ART in PMTCT. Hence, this study is planned to understand the factors responsible for uptake of ART in PMTCT. In this study factors responsible for the uptake of the ART in PMTCT were selected based on the evidence and literature. It is evident from the literature that poor knowledge about the transmission of HIV and role of ART in the PMTCT are responsible for the inefficient implementation of the PMTCT programme. There were also doubt about the effectiveness of ART in the management of AIDS and few women had belief that ART would cause HIV (Watson-Jones et al., 2 012; Duff et al., 2010). Psychological factors like shock and depression due to the diseased condition are responsible for the inability to uptake ART in PMTCT (Stinson Myer, 2012). Stigma related to the disclosure of HIV to the family members and to the community leads to not attending the clinics for ART. As a result, there is the barrier to the implementation of ART in the PMTCT (Laher et al., 2012). It is also evident from the literature that insufficiency of trained clinical staff for the implementation of ART in PMTCT resulted in the ineffective implementation of the policy. This resulted in the increased number of patients and consequently increased waiting list for the patients, stress on the staff members and failure of the staff members for the implementation of the ART in PMTCT (Sprague et al., 2011; Laher et al., 2012). It has been well established in the literature that knowledge about the HIV, ART and PTMCT could has positive impact on the socioeconomic status of the people and educational level. Women with higher education were positively responded to the implementation of the ART in PMTCT. Material and methods: In this project non-experimental and quantitative method will be implemented to collect the information regarding factors influencing uptake of ART on PMTCT. Study design will be descriptive in nature and study duration will be 6 months. This study will be conducted in the Boteti health district in Botswana. This study will be incorporating 500 pregnant women. 500 women will be enough to get the required data. Method of sampling used in this study will be random sampling. Sample size will be determined based on the feasibility of the resources. This sample size will be optimum for the statistical analysis. These women will be from low, middle and high socioeconomic class. Both the types like educated and uneducated women will be incorporated in this study. For this study 10 facilities will be selected comprising of 6 maternity facilities and 4 clinics in the Boteti health district in Botswana will be selected. These maternity homes and clinics will comprise of both Government and non -Government organizations. This a analytical cross-sectional investigation will be performed using interviews in different maternity facilities and clinic. Theses 500 women will be allocated to different maternity homes and clinics based on the geographical areas. Allocation of the women to the respective maternity home and clinic will be based on the financial constraints, services available and social support. Inclusion criteria for the selection of pregnant women will be at least one visit to the maternity home or clinic during current pregnancy and these women will be confirmed HIV positive. Exclusion criteria will be women with negative HIV test. Data regarding CD4 cells will be collected from the respective maternity home and clinic. Women with CD4 cell count below 350 cells per microlitre will be considered in the study. Age of women incorporated in the study will be between 18 45 years. These women will be approximately distributed equally among first, second and third trim ester of the pregnancy. Approximately 33 % women will be there in each population of trimester women. Interviews of these women will be conducted by the trained and experts in the field. For conducting these interviews structured questionnaire will be prepared. This questionnaire will be specifically in the local language so that all the class of women will be comfortable in attending the interview session. Location of the interview will be respective maternity home or clinic. Information about the identity of the participant women will be kept confidential to maintain dignity of the patient. Informed consent will be taken from each women and one of the family members before conducting interview. Approval will be taken from the human sciences research council (HSRC) ethics committee of and Ministry Of Health Botswana Government other health authorities at the district level before conducting the study. These questionnaires will be incorporating questions related to the knowledge rel ated to the HIV and ART, maternal education, psychological issues of women related to the AIDS, social issues of women related to the AIDS, whether women are attending traditional healers and birth attendees and support from the staff in the prevention of PTMCT. Following will be the representative questions in the questionnaire : Has you know about HIV/AIDS ? Has you know about ART ? Has you used ART ? Has you know about transmission of HIV to child ? Are you depressed due to your HIV infection ? Are you getting support from your family members from your family and community members in treating HIV infection ? Are you attending traditional healers during your pregnancy ? Are you getting enough support and help from health care providers during your treatment for HIV infection ? Data will be collected twice from a single participant. Initially data will be collected based on the interview without any counseling and second time data will be collected after the completion of counseling about importance of ART and its role in the PMTCT. All the data will be stored as electronic database. Collected data will be presented in the form of arithmetic mean, standard deviation, median and percentage. Collected data will be analyzed using Statistical Analysis System, SAS 9.1 (Peltzer et al., 2011; Stinson et al., 2010; Stringer et al., 2010). Evaluation and applicability of finding: Evaluation of the outcome of the study will be performed based on the collected data. Evaluation will be performed to determine whether collected data will be useful for answering all the questions created at the time of deciding objectives of the study. Collected data will be evaluated to get insight into the validity of assumptions made. Outcome of this study will be useful in implementing the same criteria in the large population of women. Factors which will be responsible as barriers for ART in PTMCT will be managed more effectively so that these factors will not interfere in the implementation of ART in PTMCT. Factors which will be promoting ART in PTMCT will be encouraged to implement in the actual practice. Outcome of this study will also be useful in designing educational programme for pregnant women with HIV infection. Solution or alternatives will be found for factors which will be hindering the implementation of ART in PTMCT. Health care professionals in the nursing home a nd clinical will be using these findings as evidence and will implement same findings in their maternity homes and clinics. Findings of this study will be definitely useful in controlling progression of HIV through PTMCT. Findings of this study will also useful for Government and regulatory agencies for implementing the uniform cost of ART, so that all the class of women will consume ART without barrier of high cost. Outcome of this study will be useful in initiating counseling programme in the respective society or community. This will be definitely useful in the controlling the social issues in implementing the ART in PTMCT. Due to this study, women with HIV will feel relieved because their identity will be secured and also these women will be getting proper treatment for HIV. This study will be useful in the generation of well qualified human resource for the implementation of the ART in PTMCT. This study will be useful in understanding view of the women with socioeconomic backgr ound and different educational level about ART in PTMCT. This understanding will be helpful in taking care of factors as barriers for ART in PTMCT and as a result reduction the prevalence of AIDS. Outcome of this study will also be useful in understanding the family related issues and will be useful in implementing the family centered approach for ART in PTMCT. This will definitely be useful in getting family support for the prevention HIV. Most important outcome of this will be production of infant without HIV infection and consequently prevalence of HIV infection will be controlled. This will be definitely useful in the overall improvement in the health of the society and wellbeing of the society (Peltzer et al., 2011; Stinson et al., 2010; Stringer et al., 2010). Limitations of this include number of participants are less. Study with more number of participants would give more power of analysis. Data obtained in this study will be obtained from the participant women only and there is the possibility of recall bias. There should be other source of data also to get more robust results. References: Attaran, A., Gillespie-White, L. (2001). Do patents for antiretroviral drugs constrain access to AIDS treatment in Africa? Journal Of American Medical Association, 286(15), 1886-92. Busza, J., Walker, D., Hairston, A., Gable, A., Pitter, C., Lee, S., et al. (2012). Community based approaches for prevention of mother to child transmission in resource poor settings: a social ecological review. Journal of the International AIDS Society, 15(2), 17373, doi: 10.7448/IAS.15.4.17373. Ciaranello, A.L., Perez, F., Maruva, M., Chu, J., Engelsmann, B., et al., (2011). WHO 2010 guidelines for prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission in Zimbabwe: modeling clinical outcomes in infants and mothers. PLoS One, 6(6), e20224. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0020224. Coutsoudis, A., Goga, A., Desmond, C., Barron, P., Black, V., Coovadia, H. (2013). Is Option B+ the best choice. Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine , 14 (1), 1-52. Creek, L.T., alwano, G. M., molosiwa, R.R., Roels, H.T., kenyon, A.T., et al., (2006). Botswanas Tebelopele Voluntary counselling and testing network. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, 43, 210- 218. Duff, P., Kipp, W., Wild, T.C., Rubaale, T., Okech-Ojony, J. (2010). Barriers to accessing highly active antiretroviral therapy by HIV-positive women attending an antenatal clinic in a regional hospital in western Uganda. Journal of the International AIDS Society, 13, 37, doi: 10.1186/1758-2652-13-37. Ferguson, L., Grant, A.D., Watson-Jones, D., Kahawita, T., Ongech, J.O., Ross, D.A. (2012). Linking women who test HIV-positive in pregnancy-related services to longterm HIV care and treatment services: a systematic review. Tropical Medicine International Health, 17(5), 564-80. Gourlay, A., Wringe, A., Todd, J., Cawley, C., Michael, D., Machemba, R., et al. (2016). Uptake of services for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in a community cohort in rural Tanzania from 2005 to 2012. BMC health services research , 16(4), DOI: 10.1186/s12913-015-1249-6. Kim, M. H., Ahmed, S., Hosseinipour, M. C., Yu, X., Nguyen, C., Chimbwandira, F., et al. (2015). Brief Report: Impact of Option B+ on the Infant PMTCT Cascade in Lilongwe, Malawi. Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes, 70(1), 99-103. Laher, F., Cescon, A., Lazarus, E., Kaida, A., Makongoza, M., Hogg, R.S., et al. (2012). Conversations with mothers: exploring reasons for prevention of mother-to child transmission (PMTCT) failures in the era of programmatic scale-up in Soweto, South Africa. AIDS and Behavior, 16(1), 91-8. Mills, E.J, Nachega, J.B., Bangsberg, D.R., Singh, S., Rachlis, B., Wu P, et al. (2006). Adherence to HAART: a systematic review of developed and developing nation patient-reported barriers and facilitators. PLOS Medicine, 3(11), e438, doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.0030438. Peltzer, K., Sikwane, E., Majaja, M. (2011). Factors associated with short-course antiretroviral prophylaxis (dual therapy) adherence for PMTCT in Nkangala district, South Africa. Acta Paediatrica, 100(9), 1253-7. Posse, M., Meheus, F., van Asten, H., van der Ven, A., Baltussen, R. (2008). Barriers to access to antiretroviral treatment in developing countries: a review. Tropical Medicine International Health, 13(7), 904-13. Sharma, K.S, Kadhiravan, T. (2008). Management of the patient with HIV disease. Disease management, 58, 162-195. Shetty, A.K., Maldonado, Y. (2013). Antiretroviral drugs to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV during breastfeeding. Current HIV Research, 11(2), 102-25. Sprague, C., Chersich, M.F., Black, V. (2011). Health system weaknesses constrain access to PMTCT and maternal HIV services in South Africa: a qualitative enquiry. AIDS Research and Therapy,8, 10, doi: 10.1186/1742-6405-8-10. Stringer, E.M, Ekouevi, D.K., Coetzee, D., Tih, P.M., Creek, T.L., Stinson, K., et al. (2010). Coverage of nevirapine-based services to prevent mother-to-child HIV transmission in 4 African countries. Journal Of American Medical Association, 304(3), 293-302. Stinson, K., Boulle, A., Coetzee, D., Abrams, E.J., Myer, L. (2010). Initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy among pregnant women in Cape Town, South Africa. Tropical Medicine International Health, 15(7), 825-32. Stinson, K., Myer, L. (2012). Barriers to initiating antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy: a qualitative study of women attending services in Cape Town, South Africa. African Journal of AIDS Research, 11(1), 65-73. Yazdanpanah, Y. (2004). Cost associated with combination antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected patients. Journal of Antimicrobial chemotherapy, 53, 558-561. World Health Organisation. Towards universal access: scaling up priority HIV/AIDS interventions in the health sector. Geneva: World Health Organisation; 2010. Watson-Jones, D., Balira, R., Ross, D.A., Weiss, H.A., Mabey, D. (2012). Missed opportunities: poor linkage into ongoing care for HIV-positive pregnant women in Mwanza, Tanzania. PLoS One, 7(7), e40091, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040091.

Hamlet Revenge Delay Essays - Characters In Hamlet, Prince Hamlet

Hamlet Revenge Delay The question of why Hamlet delays in taking revenge on Claudius for so long has puzzled readers and audience members alike. I would like to prove that Shakespeare didn't have a delay in killing Claudius just for the sake of having a longer play. I believe that he had a deeper meaning inside of it. I am going to show different reasons for Hamlet's delay, and my most probably one. Immediately following Hamlet's conversation with the Ghost, he seems determined to fulfill the Ghost's wishes and swears his companions to secrecy about what has occurred. The next appearance of Hamlet in the play reveals that he has not yet avenged his father's murder. In scene two, Act 2, Hamlet gives a possible reason for his hesitation. "The spirit that I have seen, May be a devil, and the devil hath power, T' assume a pleasing shape" (2.2.594-596). With this doubt clouding his mind, Hamlet seems completely unable to act. This indecision is somewhat resolved in the form of the play. Hamlet comes up with the idea of the play that is similar to the events retold by the ghost about his murder to prove Claudius as guilty or innocent. Due to the king's reaction to the play, Hamlet begins to believe that the Ghost was telling the truth the night of the apparition. In Hamlets mind, it is now his duty to avenge his father's murder. This is where the real problem of inaction enters the play. Later that night, Hamlet has a perfect opportunity to kill Claudius, when he comes across the king kneeling in prayer. He wonders if this is the time to kill him and get it over with, but decides not to. He claims that he does not want Claudius to go to heaven, so he would rather kill him when he is committing a sin. If this is the case, then the question is why doesn't he simply wait till Claudius has completed his prayer, accuse him of the murder and kill him in his sin of denial. That answer is beyond me. Instead, Hamlet goes to the chamber of his mother and passes up his best opportunity at revenge. The argument can be made, however, that it is not a fear of killing that causes this inaction. He does not display an inability to end someone's life when killing Polonius. He neither hesitates nor capitulates in sending Rosencrantz and Guildenstern to their executions. Why then would the prince of Denmark hesitate to kill the one man he most justly could? Many literary believe that his inaction is the result of a vicarious oedipus complex. Those who concur with this theory say that Hamlet, in his subconscious mind, has a desire to do exactly what his uncle has done; that is, get rid of the king so that he can have Gertrude for himself. If this is true, Hamlet cannot act because he is fighting against his subconscious self. According to this interpretation, Claudius becomes an embodiment of himself, and thus he is unable to kill, in a sense, his other self. Although the oedipus theory is valid, I would like to present another alternative. In my opinion, Hamlet is paralyzed by an interpersonal battle resulting from over evaluation of his situation. Every time he has an opportunity to act, he counteracts with a doubt or reason for inaction. For example, he wants his revenge on Claudius to take place only when he can be sure he will go to hell and not heaven. Furthermore, he spends too much time planning and not enough time doing. He plans the play within a play, but seeks no immediate resolution upon its completion. Instead he becomes more careful around Claudius after the play because it revealed his guilt to the king. After the play within the play, Hamlet does not act until everybody is dying, including himself. Only in this final tragic moment does he realize that he should not have waited so long. But by the time he comes to this realization, it is too late. His father is murdered, his mother lays dying, he is mortally wounded and all he can do is finish the tragic killings. With all of his pent-up rage he takes his revenge on Claudius.

Why Some Conservatives Oppose Gay Marriage

Why Some Conservatives Oppose Gay Marriage While some conservatives oppose gay marriage, others do not. For conservatives who do oppose it, the issue has less to do with homophobia and more to do with protecting the Judeo-Christian view of marriage. Social Conservatives and Wedge Issues While it is true that social conservatives have been on the front lines of wedge issues, not all conservatives are as deeply passionate about them as others. In fact, a large portion of the conservative movement- fiscal conservatives and crunchy conservatives, for example- may find themselves disagreeing with social conservatives on issues like gay marriage. Nevertheless, simply identifying as a conservative is enough to earn the vitriol and condemnation of the LGBT movement. Opposition to Gay Marriage vs. Homophobia Most gay rights advocates voice opinions of their own. Conservatives are motivated by homophobia [or hate], they say. Conservatives use their religion as a way to oppose gay marriage, others opine. Still, others believe that conservatives dont harbor the same hatred for divorced people, vandals, or other sinners. They have a special hatred for gays and lesbians. Comments like these force even those who have no particular sentiment either way to take up sides and defend their loosely-held convictions (whether they lean to the right or the left on this issue). I dont support gay marriage is not the same as I hate gays, and those on the left are frequently too blinded by their advocacy to recognize it. Those that do simply refuse to acknowledge it. Not everyone who opposes gay marriage is a homophobe, and not everyone who opposes gay marriage hates people who are gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender. By branding the religious end of an entire conservative movement as hateful, the people making such remarks come off as hateful of conservatives. It boils the issue down to one or the other, without considering those in between. Marriage As a Sacred Symbol For many people (not just religious conservatives), marriage is a sacred symbol of heterosexual love and commitment. Seeing it changed in such a profound way would be like the National Rifle Association suddenly claiming the rainbow flag as its symbol. Just as this would change the meaning of the flag in a way that is unpleasant to the LGBT community, so too would gay marriage change the meaning of marriage to a large part of the married community. Separation of Church and State? There is a common misconception among those on the left that the Constitution mandates a clear separation of church and state, yet that language is nowhere to be found in the document. The phrase was taken from a letter by Thomas Jefferson and bound into law by an activist Supreme Court in 1878. The Constitution deals with the issue of religion via the Establishment Clause and the Free Exercise Clause. In the former case, Congress cannot pass laws based on religious principles and in the latter, the government cannot keep people from practicing their religion. National recognition of gay marriage is believed by many conservatives to be an example of government interfering with their right to practice their religion. They see it as akin to the government changing a basic tenet of their religion, not unlike forcing Orthodox Jews to eat pork or forcing Catholics to use something other than water in their baptisms. It reduces the covenant of marriage to a bureaucratic rubber stamp and also bastardizes the holiness of it. Recognition of Civil Unions vs. Marriage As it relates to the federal government, the trouble begins with how marriage is treated. There are very few mainstream or common-sense conservatives who will argue that a gay persons life-partner shouldnt be afforded the same rights as a married persons spouse, especially in instances where one of the parties is ill. The trouble with existing federal law is that it recognizes the institution of marriage, which is a holy, religious practice. While atheists will argue marriage is a legal covenant, most conservatives (and even many liberals) will concede that it is an act of religion. Most mainstream conservatives believe that civil unions would be a better way for the federal government to bestow benefits on couples. State vs. Federal While there are many conservatives who believe the institution of marriage should be defended as a covenant between a man and a woman, many more believe that the federal government shouldnt be dealing with the subject at all. Its a matter of jurisdiction. A large majority of conservatives believe the gay marriage issue is a states rights issue since there is no explicit language regarding the subject in the Constitution. According to the Tenth Amendment (Article X of the Bill of Rights), The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people. If it were a matter of the states, there undoubtedly would be states in the U.S. that would permit gay marriage and others that wouldnt. For the majority of conservatives, this is fine as long as the voters of these states are the ones making the decisions (not the lawmakers). The Bottom Line For most mainstream conservatives, gay marriage isnt the issue it is for social conservatives. While there is a crossover for many on the right, political conservatism is less about wedge issues and more about limiting the size and scope of government, building a strong national defense and enabling the freedom of enterprise. Many conservatives who took a states right stance have put the issue on the back-burner since the Supreme Court decisions legalizing gay marriage and prohibiting state restrictions and bans.

Activity and Resource Organizer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Activity and Resource Organizer - Essay Example Ask the learners to make the name for their vessels for instance with the names of cities, animals, film stars or let them find their own favorite names. Request them to select the Shooter and the Captain. The captains job is to remember his ships name, so he/she can answer if somebody calls his/her vessel’s name. The shooters task is to remember the names of the vessels of their rivals, so he/she can shoot them through calling their vessel’s name. Such an activity, memorizing various vocabularies, will assist the English Language Learner understand various vocabularies (Tomlinson, 2010). This is because they will be able to grasp various vocabularies in the English language. When you are done reading, they will have to choose the correct one. (It does not, however, matter if none of the explanations is correct). After they have selected and none of the groups gave the accurate meaning, you read the right one aloud. In an academic content, students will be able to utilize their understanding of vocabularies to instruct others. By discussing the meaning of the word warmonger, the will be able to settle which best suits the situation. A mind map refers to a diagram utilized to visually sketch information (Rose & Meyer, 2006). It is frequently created around a single text or word, positioned in the middle, to which related ideas, concepts and words are put. Key categories emit from a mid node, and minor categories are sub-branches of wider branches. Groups can symbolize words, tasks, ideas, or other items associated with a central idea or key word (Rose & Meyer, 2006). Mind maps aid in summarizing (Rose & Meyer, 2006). They are also used as a mnemonic method, or to sort out a complex idea (Ramsden, 2010). They are also considered as a way of collaborating with color pen creativity in order to assist an ELLs understand English. By utilizing graphic organizers across every subject area, a teacher

Fundamentals of Business Law Assignment Case Study

Fundamentals of Business Law Assignment - Case Study Example This case cannot be heard in a higher court. It can best be referred to the District Magistrate's courts. And because it is a criminal wrong, Joe would likely either be imprisoned for a given number of years or fined. He can also be punished by way of corporal punishment. This is a civil case but which relates between employees and employers. The case will be heard in an industrial court which is an administrative tribunal i.e. a body given the power of an administrative nature. This case involves commission of the tort of negligence because the employer has not taken reasonable steps to guard the machines. And in the process, it has caused injury. The judge of the industrial court can appoint two assessors from a panel of assessors appointed by the concerned minister. One assessor represents the employer and the other represents the employees. But the assessors only give an opinion. The decision of the courts is final and the result of the judgement is called an award. This is a criminal offence. In fact Del has committed an economic crime by failing to pay large sums of value added tax. And since the amount of money involved is huge, the case will be heard by the High Court. If Del is of the opinion that he has not been given a fair trial, then he can appeal to the court of appeal. Del is likely to be fined i.e. pay the tax added plus penalty. Prima facie, this can appear to be a civil case. But whether the employer has perpetrated any civil wrong will depend on the agreement made between Millie and her employer. Be it as it may, she has a right to sue. This case would be heard by the industrial court. It is the industrial court that hears cases between employees and their employers. Based on the judge's opinion, she might be paid as her colleagues. Question Two Whether Cules can recover compensation from Humpty or Alec the rules of law that govern this case are whether the essential elements of negligence can be proofed in order for an action for negligence to be maintained. In order for Giles to successfully sue and recover compensation from Humpty or Alec he must prove the following. i. That they owed him a duty of care. ii. That Humpy and Alec breached legal duty. iii. That he Giles suffered injury as a result of the breach of duty. 2 Humpy and Alec owe no duty of care to Giles. Humpty was to provide a loan to Giles and had no duty over Gile's chicken business. On the other hand, Alec was only approached to give advice concerning the loan and not on whether it was appropriate to purchase the machine. In Burwill v. Young a house wife was alighting from a tramcar. A motor cyclist passing on the other side of the tram collided with a motor car, the noise pf the collision resulting in the plaintiff suffering nervous shock and subsequent miscarriage. She brought an action of negligence on the motor cyclist personal representative. The action failed and it was held that at the time of the collision, the plaintiff was not there therefore he did not owe